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240 lines
7.5 KiB
240 lines
7.5 KiB
# compression |
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[![NPM Version][npm-image]][npm-url] |
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[![NPM Downloads][downloads-image]][downloads-url] |
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[![Build Status][travis-image]][travis-url] |
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[![Test Coverage][coveralls-image]][coveralls-url] |
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Node.js compression middleware. |
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The following compression codings are supported: |
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- deflate |
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- gzip |
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## Install |
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This is a [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/) module available through the |
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[npm registry](https://www.npmjs.com/). Installation is done using the |
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[`npm install` command](https://docs.npmjs.com/getting-started/installing-npm-packages-locally): |
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```bash |
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$ npm install compression |
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``` |
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## API |
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<!-- eslint-disable no-unused-vars --> |
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```js |
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var compression = require('compression') |
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``` |
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### compression([options]) |
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Returns the compression middleware using the given `options`. The middleware |
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will attempt to compress response bodies for all request that traverse through |
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the middleware, based on the given `options`. |
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This middleware will never compress responses that include a `Cache-Control` |
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header with the [`no-transform` directive](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7234#section-5.2.2.4), |
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as compressing will transform the body. |
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#### Options |
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`compression()` accepts these properties in the options object. In addition to |
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those listed below, [zlib](http://nodejs.org/api/zlib.html) options may be |
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passed in to the options object. |
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##### chunkSize |
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The default value is `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_CHUNK`, or `16384`. |
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See [Node.js documentation](http://nodejs.org/api/zlib.html#zlib_memory_usage_tuning) |
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regarding the usage. |
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##### filter |
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A function to decide if the response should be considered for compression. |
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This function is called as `filter(req, res)` and is expected to return |
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`true` to consider the response for compression, or `false` to not compress |
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the response. |
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The default filter function uses the [compressible](https://www.npmjs.com/package/compressible) |
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module to determine if `res.getHeader('Content-Type')` is compressible. |
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##### level |
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The level of zlib compression to apply to responses. A higher level will result |
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in better compression, but will take longer to complete. A lower level will |
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result in less compression, but will be much faster. |
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This is an integer in the range of `0` (no compression) to `9` (maximum |
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compression). The special value `-1` can be used to mean the "default |
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compression level", which is a default compromise between speed and |
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compression (currently equivalent to level 6). |
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- `-1` Default compression level (also `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION`). |
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- `0` No compression (also `zlib.Z_NO_COMPRESSION`). |
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- `1` Fastest compression (also `zlib.Z_BEST_SPEED`). |
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- `2` |
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- `3` |
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- `4` |
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- `5` |
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- `6` (currently what `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION` points to). |
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- `7` |
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- `8` |
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- `9` Best compression (also `zlib.Z_BEST_COMPRESSION`). |
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The default value is `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION`, or `-1`. |
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**Note** in the list above, `zlib` is from `zlib = require('zlib')`. |
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##### memLevel |
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This specifies how much memory should be allocated for the internal compression |
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state and is an integer in the range of `1` (minimum level) and `9` (maximum |
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level). |
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The default value is `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_MEMLEVEL`, or `8`. |
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See [Node.js documentation](http://nodejs.org/api/zlib.html#zlib_memory_usage_tuning) |
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regarding the usage. |
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##### strategy |
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This is used to tune the compression algorithm. This value only affects the |
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compression ratio, not the correctness of the compressed output, even if it |
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is not set appropriately. |
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- `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY` Use for normal data. |
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- `zlib.Z_FILTERED` Use for data produced by a filter (or predictor). |
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Filtered data consists mostly of small values with a somewhat random |
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distribution. In this case, the compression algorithm is tuned to |
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compress them better. The effect is to force more Huffman coding and less |
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string matching; it is somewhat intermediate between `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY` |
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and `zlib.Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY`. |
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- `zlib.Z_FIXED` Use to prevent the use of dynamic Huffman codes, allowing |
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for a simpler decoder for special applications. |
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- `zlib.Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY` Use to force Huffman encoding only (no string match). |
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- `zlib.Z_RLE` Use to limit match distances to one (run-length encoding). |
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This is designed to be almost as fast as `zlib.Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY`, but give |
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better compression for PNG image data. |
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**Note** in the list above, `zlib` is from `zlib = require('zlib')`. |
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##### threshold |
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The byte threshold for the response body size before compression is considered |
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for the response, defaults to `1kb`. This is a number of bytes or any string |
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accepted by the [bytes](https://www.npmjs.com/package/bytes) module. |
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**Note** this is only an advisory setting; if the response size cannot be determined |
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at the time the response headers are written, then it is assumed the response is |
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_over_ the threshold. To guarantee the response size can be determined, be sure |
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set a `Content-Length` response header. |
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##### windowBits |
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The default value is `zlib.Z_DEFAULT_WINDOWBITS`, or `15`. |
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See [Node.js documentation](http://nodejs.org/api/zlib.html#zlib_memory_usage_tuning) |
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regarding the usage. |
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#### .filter |
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The default `filter` function. This is used to construct a custom filter |
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function that is an extension of the default function. |
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```js |
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var compression = require('compression') |
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var express = require('express') |
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var app = express() |
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app.use(compression({ filter: shouldCompress })) |
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function shouldCompress (req, res) { |
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if (req.headers['x-no-compression']) { |
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// don't compress responses with this request header |
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return false |
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} |
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// fallback to standard filter function |
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return compression.filter(req, res) |
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} |
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``` |
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### res.flush |
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This module adds a `res.flush()` method to force the partially-compressed |
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response to be flushed to the client. |
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## Examples |
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### express/connect |
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When using this module with express or connect, simply `app.use` the module as |
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high as you like. Requests that pass through the middleware will be compressed. |
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```js |
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var compression = require('compression') |
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var express = require('express') |
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var app = express() |
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// compress all responses |
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app.use(compression()) |
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// add all routes |
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``` |
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### Server-Sent Events |
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Because of the nature of compression this module does not work out of the box |
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with server-sent events. To compress content, a window of the output needs to |
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be buffered up in order to get good compression. Typically when using server-sent |
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events, there are certain block of data that need to reach the client. |
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You can achieve this by calling `res.flush()` when you need the data written to |
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actually make it to the client. |
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```js |
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var compression = require('compression') |
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var express = require('express') |
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var app = express() |
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// compress responses |
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app.use(compression()) |
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// server-sent event stream |
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app.get('/events', function (req, res) { |
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res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/event-stream') |
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res.setHeader('Cache-Control', 'no-cache') |
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// send a ping approx every 2 seconds |
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var timer = setInterval(function () { |
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res.write('data: ping\n\n') |
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// !!! this is the important part |
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res.flush() |
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}, 2000) |
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res.on('close', function () { |
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clearInterval(timer) |
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}) |
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}) |
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``` |
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## License |
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[MIT](LICENSE) |
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[npm-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/v/compression.svg |
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[npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/compression |
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[travis-image]: https://img.shields.io/travis/expressjs/compression/master.svg |
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[travis-url]: https://travis-ci.org/expressjs/compression |
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[coveralls-image]: https://img.shields.io/coveralls/expressjs/compression/master.svg |
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[coveralls-url]: https://coveralls.io/r/expressjs/compression?branch=master |
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[downloads-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/compression.svg |
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[downloads-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/compression
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